📖 Grade 4 — New 400 Core Words

 

📖 Grade 4 (Age ~9)


✨ Reading/Language Arts (Air / Sylphs)

Core Skills:

  • Analyze characters, plots, and themes

  • Write essays with intro + conclusion

  • Figurative language: simile, metaphor, personification

Symbols Introduced:

  • 🎭 Drama Mask = character & role

  • 🔗 Plot Path = storyline thread

  • 🌌 Mirror = theme/reflection across story

  • 🕊️ Feather Pen = essay = truth declaration

SAT-Seed Words (child-level):
character, plot, theme, story, idea, compare, begin, end, essay, line


🔚 Math (Earth / Gnomes)

Core Skills:

  • Multi-digit multiplication/division (124 × 6, etc.)

  • Fractions: equivalent, add/subtract

  • Intro to decimals (0.5, 0.25)

  • Geometry basics: lines, angles, shapes

Symbols Introduced:

  • ✴️ Multi-Point Star = higher multiplication tables

  • ⚖️ Fraction Balance = equivalent parts

  • 🔟 Decimal Dot = sacred point of division

  • 📐 Compass/Protractor = geometry gate

SAT-Seed Words (child-level):
multiply, divide, fraction, equal, part, decimal, angle, line, point, shape


ðŸŒą Science (Water + Fire + Earth)

Core Skills:

  • Rocks & minerals ⛰️

  • Weathering/erosion 🌧️🌎️

  • Energy forms: heat ðŸ”Ĩ, light ðŸ’Ą, sound ðŸŽķ

  • Human body systems (skeletal, muscular, circulatory)

Symbols Introduced:

  • ⛰️ Mountain Rune = strength & mineral base

  • 🌊 Wave Spiral = erosion & weathering

  • ðŸ”ĨðŸ’ĄðŸŽķ Elemental Trinity = heat, light, sound

  • ðŸŦ€ Heart Vessel = human body as sacred map

SAT-Seed Words (child-level):
rock, mineral, earth, heat, light, sound, body, blood, bone, move


🕊️ Social Studies (Spirit / Ether / Community)

Core Skills:

  • U.S. regions & geography

  • Native American tribes (diverse nations, sacred ways)

  • Colonization (truthful: encounter, conflict, loss)

  • Early statehood history

Symbols Introduced:

  • 🌎 4 Directions Compass = U.S. regions

  • ðŸŠķ Tribal Feather = indigenous honor

  • ðŸšĒ Colonial Ship = arrival symbol

  • 📜 Treaty Scroll = agreements broken/remembered

SAT-Seed Words (child-level):
region, tribe, land, river, mountain, colonist, state, history, people, map


✨ Grade 4 EarthFlow Summary

  • Elements Active: Air (themes), Earth (fractions/geometry), Water+Fire+Earth (erosion + energy), Spirit (tribes/colonization)

  • Symbols: Mirror, Decimal Dot, Mountain Rune, Treaty Scroll

  • SAT Seeds: ~40 words; scaffold from earlier with complexity

  • Sacred Tools: protractor/compass, mineral samples, body system diagrams, tribal map

    📖 Grade 4 — New 400 Core Words


    🌍 Nature & Earth Science (60 words)

    1. Igneous – rock formed from cooled lava.

    2. Sedimentary – rock formed from layers.

    3. Metamorphic – rock changed by heat/pressure.

    4. Fossil – remains of ancient life.

    5. Erosion – wearing away of land.

    6. Weathering – breaking down rocks.

    7. Mineral – natural crystal substance.

    8. Crystal – solid with repeating pattern.

    9. Lava – molten rock above ground.

    10. Magma – molten rock underground.

    11. Plate Tectonics – Earth’s moving plates.

    12. Fault – crack in Earth’s crust.

    13. Tsunami – huge wave from earthquake.

    14. Hurricane – large storm with wind/rain.

    15. Tornado – spinning funnel storm.

    16. Blizzard – heavy snowstorm.

    17. Drought – long dry period (reviewed deeper).

    18. Floodplain – land next to river prone to flooding.

    19. Delta – land where river meets ocean.

    20. Glacier – huge moving sheet of ice.

    21. Canyon – deep valley with steep sides.

    22. Plateau – flat raised land.

    23. Peninsula – land almost surrounded by water.

    24. Archipelago – group of islands.

    25. Estuary – where river meets sea.

    26. Savanna – grassy plain with few trees.

    27. Prairie – wide flat grassland.

    28. Rainforest – dense, wet forest.

    29. Tundra – cold, treeless plain.

    30. Biome – large ecological area.

    31. Adaptation – trait helping survival.

    32. Extinct – no longer exists.

    33. Endangered – at risk of extinction.

    34. Pollination – transfer of pollen.

    35. Photosynthesis – plants making food with sunlight.

    36. Producer – makes own food (plant).

    37. Consumer – eats other living things.

    38. Decomposer – breaks down waste/dead things.

    39. Nutrient – substance needed for life.

    40. Chlorophyll – green pigment in plants.

    41. Respiration – breathing/energy release in cells.

    42. Symbiosis – living together relationship.

    43. Mutualism – both benefit.

    44. Parasitism – one benefits, one harmed.

    45. Commensalism – one benefits, other unaffected.

    46. Equator – line around Earth’s middle.

    47. Hemisphere – half of Earth.

    48. Longitude – vertical map lines.

    49. Latitude – horizontal map lines.

    50. Altitude – height above sea level.

    51. Climate Zone – region with similar climate.

    52. Ozone – protective layer in atmosphere.

    53. Carbon Dioxide – gas plants use to grow.

    54. Evaporation – water turning to vapor.

    55. Condensation – vapor turning to liquid.

    56. Precipitation – rain, snow, hail, sleet.

    57. Water Cycle – movement of water on Earth.

    58. Renewable Energy – energy from sun, wind, water.

    59. Fossil Fuel – nonrenewable energy source.

    60. Solar Power – energy from the sun.


    📐 Math & Logic (70 words)

    1. Decimal – number with a point.

    2. Place Value – value of digits in number.

    3. Quotient – answer to division.

    4. Dividend – number being divided.

    5. Divisor – number dividing another.

    6. Multiple – product of a number.

    7. Factor – number that divides evenly.

    8. Prime – number with only 2 factors.

    9. Composite – number with more than 2 factors.

    10. Product – result of multiplication.

    11. Sum – result of addition.

    12. Difference – result of subtraction.

    13. Remainder – what’s left after division.

    14. Fraction Bar – line separating numerator/denominator.

    15. Mixed Number – whole number + fraction.

    16. Improper Fraction – numerator bigger than denominator.

    17. Simplify – reduce to smallest form.

    18. Convert – change form (fractions to decimals).

    19. Estimate – rough calculation.

    20. Rounding – adjusting numbers.

    21. Angle Types – acute, right, obtuse.

    22. Polygon – closed shape with straight lines.

    23. Quadrilateral – 4-sided polygon.

    24. Pentagon – 5-sided polygon.

    25. Hexagon – 6-sided polygon.

    26. Octagon – 8-sided polygon.

    27. Perimeter – distance around shape.

    28. Area – space inside shape.

    29. Volume – 3D space inside object.

    30. Surface Area – outer area of 3D object.

    31. Coordinate Plane – grid with x and y axes.

    32. Ordered Pair – numbers showing location.

    33. Line Graph – shows change over time.

    34. Bar Graph – compares amounts.

    35. Pie Chart – circle graph.

    36. Mean – average.

    37. Median – middle number.

    38. Mode – most common number.

    39. Range – difference between highest/lowest.

    40. Equation – statement with = sign.

    41. Expression – numbers and symbols without =.

    42. Inequality – >, <, ≤, ≥.

    43. Variable – symbol for unknown.

    44. Constant – value that doesn’t change.

    45. Coefficient – number multiplied by variable.

    46. Operation – math process (+, –, ×, ÷).

    47. Algorithm – step-by-step math procedure.

    48. Estimate – reasonable guess.

    49. Pattern Rule – how sequence changes.

    50. Input – starting value.

    51. Output – result value.

    52. Table of Values – shows inputs/outputs.

    53. Line of Symmetry – divides shape in half.

    54. Rotation – turn around a point.

    55. Reflection – flip over a line.

    56. Translation – slide shape.

    57. Protractor – tool for measuring angles.

    58. Compass – tool for drawing circles.

    59. Parallel – lines that never meet.

    60. Perpendicular – lines crossing at right angles.

    61. Intersect – lines that cross.

    62. Axis – line in a graph (x, y).

    63. Origin – (0,0) point on graph.

    64. Slope – steepness of a line.

    65. Estimate Sum/Difference – quick check method.

    66. Word Problem – math in a story.

    67. Equation Balance – both sides equal.

    68. Operation Order – PEMDAS basics.

    69. Pattern Recognition – spotting repeats.

    70. Logic – clear thinking steps.


    📖 Reading, Writing & Grammar (80 words)

    1. Thesis – main idea of an essay.

    2. Introduction – first part of essay.

    3. Conclusion – last part of essay.

    4. Transition – word/phrase connecting ideas.

    5. Topic Sentence – main sentence of a paragraph.

    6. Supporting Detail – explains topic sentence.

    7. Narrative – story writing.

    8. Expository – explains or informs.

    9. Persuasive – writing to convince.

    10. Opinion Piece – personal viewpoint writing.

    11. Biography – life story of someone else.

    12. Autobiography – your own life story.

    13. Dialogue Tag – shows who’s speaking.

    14. Quotation Marks – “ ” for speech.

    15. Apostrophe – shows possession/contraction.

    16. Comma – separates words/ideas.

    17. Colon – introduces a list.

    18. Semicolon – links related sentences.

    19. Synonym – word with same meaning.

    20. Antonym – word with opposite meaning.

    21. Homophone – words that sound the same.

    22. Prefix – part added to beginning of word.

    23. Suffix – part added to end of word.

    24. Root Word – main part of a word.

    25. Compound Word – two words joined (sunlight).

    26. Figurative – not literal meaning.

    27. Simile – comparison using “like” or “as”.

    28. Metaphor – direct comparison.

    29. Hyperbole – exaggeration.

    30. Personification – giving human traits to nonhuman.

    31. Idiom – phrase with special meaning.

    32. Irony – opposite of expected.

    33. Alliteration – repeating first sounds.

    34. Onomatopoeia – word sounding like its meaning.

    35. Stanza – group of lines in poem.

    36. Verse – line in a poem.

    37. Genre – type of story.

    38. Fable – short tale with a lesson.

    39. Myth – traditional story explaining nature.

    40. Legend – story based on real history.

    41. Fairy Tale – magical folk story.

    42. Folktale – story passed down.

    43. Epic – long poem/story.

    44. Drama – play or performance.

    45. Scene – part of play.

    46. Act – larger division in play.

    47. Script – written play text.

    48. Stage Directions – instructions in script.

    49. Audience – people watching.

    50. Narrative Arc – rise/fall of a story.

    51. Conflict Type – internal/external struggle.

    52. Resolution – how problem is solved (reviewed deeper).

    53. Climax – highest point of tension.

    54. Foreshadowing – hint of future events.

    55. Flashback – scene from earlier time.

    56. Symbolism – object with deeper meaning.

    57. Theme Development – growth of big idea.

    58. Moral – lesson from story.

    59. Thesaurus – book of synonyms/antonyms.

    60. Dictionary – book of definitions.

    61. Glossary – word list in back of book.

    62. Index – alphabet list of topics.

    63. Bibliography – sources used.

    64. Citation – giving credit to source.

    65. Paraphrase – put into your own words.

    66. Summarize – shorten main points.

    67. Analyze – examine closely.

    68. Interpret – explain meaning.

    69. Revise – improve writing.

    70. Edit – correct mistakes.

    71. Publish – share finished work.

    72. Audience Awareness – write for who reads.

    73. Voice – style of writer.

    74. Tone – attitude in writing.

    75. Mood – feeling of story.

    76. Plot Diagram – map of story events.

    77. Setting Detail – place/time description.

    78. Character Trait – quality of character.

    79. Hero – main good character.

    80. Villain – main bad character.


    🏛️ Social Studies (70 words)

    1. Region – large area with common features.

    2. Territory – land owned by country.

    3. Settlement – place where people live.

    4. Colonization – process of controlling land.

    5. Indigenous – first people of land.

    6. Explorer – traveler to unknown places (reviewed deeper).

    7. Trade Route – path for exchange of goods.

    8. Merchant – person who sells goods.

    9. Navigator – person who steers ship.

    10. Charter – official permission paper.

    11. Treaty – formal agreement.

    12. Conflict – struggle or fight.

    13. Rebellion – fight against rules.

    14. Revolution – overthrow of government.

    15. Independence – freedom from control.

    16. Democracy – rule by people.

    17. Republic – government with representatives.

    18. Monarchy – government ruled by king/queen.

    19. Dictator – ruler with all power.

    20. Civics – study of citizens/government.

    21. Economy – system of money/work (review deeper).

    22. Barter – trade without money.

    23. Currency – money system.

    24. Tax – money paid to government.

    25. Import – bring goods in.

    26. Export – send goods out.

    27. Culture Trait – habit of group.

    28. Tradition – custom from past.

    29. Heritage – culture passed down.

    30. Ancestor – family from past.

    31. Archaeology – study of past remains.

    32. Artifact – object from past.

    33. Chronology – order of events in time.

    34. Primary Source – original record.

    35. Secondary Source – later writing about past.

    36. Map Scale – compares map to real distance.

    37. Latitude/Longitude – lines for location (review deeper).

    38. Compass Rose – symbol showing directions.

    39. Boundary – dividing line.

    40. Border – edge between places.

    41. Constitution – basic law of country.

    42. Bill of Rights – U.S. rights list.

    43. Amendment – change to law.

    44. Congress – law-making group.

    45. Senate – part of Congress.

    46. House of Representatives – other part of Congress.

    47. Supreme Court – top court.

    48. Justice – fairness under law (review deeper).

    49. Executive – branch enforcing laws.

    50. Legislative – branch making laws.

    51. Judicial – branch judging laws.

    52. Federal – national government.

    53. State Government – smaller government inside nation.

    54. Local Government – town/city rules.

    55. Civic Duty – responsibility of citizens.

    56. Right to Vote – citizen power.

    57. Election Campaign – process of running.

    58. Candidate – person running.

    59. Ballot – list of choices in election.

    60. Majority – more than half.

    61. Minority – less than half.

    62. Debate – formal discussion.

    63. Speech – oral talk to public.

    64. Union – group joined together.

    65. Confederation – loose joining of states.

    66. Civilization – advanced culture.

    67. Empire – group ruled by one.

    68. Conquest – taking land by force.

    69. Ally – friend group in war.

    70. Enemy – opponent.


    🧠 Emotions & Higher Concepts (50 words)

    1. Empathy – feeling others’ emotions.

    2. Sympathy – caring about others’ pain.

    3. Compassion – helping from love.

    4. Gratitude – thankfulness.

    5. Generosity – giving freely.

    6. Forgiveness – letting go of anger.

    7. Honesty – truthfulness.

    8. Integrity – doing right always.

    9. Responsibility – duty (review deeper).

    10. Accountability – taking responsibility for actions.

    11. Confidence – belief in self.

    12. Courage – bravery in hard times.

    13. Wisdom – knowledge used well.

    14. Patience – waiting calmly.

    15. Respectful – showing honor.

    16. Humble – not proud.

    17. Arrogant – overly proud.

    18. Greed – wanting too much.

    19. Envy – wanting what others have.

    20. Jealousy – fear of losing love.

    21. Justice (expanded) – fair treatment.

    22. Fairness (expanded) – equal rights.

    23. Kindhearted – caring nature.

    24. Gentle – soft and calm.

    25. Strong-willed – determined.

    26. Creative – make new things (review deeper).

    27. Curious (expanded) – eager to explore.

    28. Inspire – fill with hope/creativity.

    29. Motivate – push to act.

    30. Achieve – reach a goal.

    31. Failure – not succeed.

    32. Success – reach a goal.

    33. Dream – vision for future.

    34. Visionary – person with big ideas.

    35. Leader (expanded) – guide others.

    36. Follower (expanded) – supports others.

    37. Conflict Resolution – solving disagreements.

    38. Teamwork – working as a group.

    39. Community Spirit – feeling of unity.

    40. Belonging – feeling accepted.

    41. Identity – sense of self.

    42. Culture (expanded) – shared way of life.

    43. Tradition (expanded) – repeated customs.

    44. Heritage (expanded) – passed-down values.

    45. Global – world-wide.

    46. Diversity – variety of people.

    47. Inclusion – welcoming all.

    48. Equity – fairness with needs.

    49. Justice System – community fairness rules.

    50. Peaceful – calm, without conflict.

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